Talking about the Chinese ancient sacrifices with jade

In the traditional religious sacrificial activities in China, an important medium for communicating with supernatural beings is called a sacrifice. As a gift to the gods, the sacrifice is a carrier for religious believers to convey information to the gods, express their thoughts, feelings and psychological will. The type, color, quality, size and raw state of the sacrifice often refer to the role of the gods. a symbolic form.

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In general, the sacrifices of traditional Chinese religious sacrifices are food, but in addition to sacrifices and other foods, there are also jade and other items, of which the use of jade is more common. "Zhou Li Chun Palace" records six different kinds of jade articles, each of which has a specific god as the object of worship. For example, use the pale jade to worship the gods, use the yellow jade to worship the gods, use the blue jade to worship the god of the east, and use the red-red jade to worship the god of the south, using the self-colored Yuhu Come to worship the gods of the West and worship the gods of the north with black and white jade. Every jade used to worship the gods contains a specific symbolic meaning.

According to the explanations of Zheng Xuan and others, the use of the pale jade wall to worship the heavens is because the scorpion is Ruiyu, and the shape is round and symbolizes the sky; the sacrifice of the land with the yellow jade is because the ancestral ancestor is the sect of the octagonal The outer square symbolizes the shape of the earth, and the hollow in the middle is round and infinite, symbolizing the virtue of the earth; the god of the south is sacrificed with the red jade, because the half-guy symbolizes the summer in the middle of the dead; the white jade The god of the West is because the amber symbolizes the autumn Yan; the god of the north is sacrificed with the mysterious black jade, because the half-wall symbolizes the winter closure, and there is nothing on the ground, only the sky.

There are other different kinds of jade articles for the worship of the gods in the Zhou Dynasty. If you use four Yugui to worship the gods and the five gods, use two jade to worship the gods and the gods of the four suburbs. Use the jade to sacrifice the dead king, use the wall to worship the god of the sun, the moon and the stars, and use the jade to worship the god of the mountains and rivers.

In addition to jade, different colors of enamel are also used to sacrifice different types of gods. In the Ming dynasty, the rituals of the gods were divided into five categories, in which the gods used the color of the gods, the sacrifices were used to the yellow, the rituals were covered with black, and the ceremonies were used in the red; the nights, the stars, the old ages, the thunderstorms, and the gods of the world all used white; The five emperors used five colors; the festivals of the Yuehuang Town, the Four Seas, and the Lingshan were used; the four readings were black; the sacrifices were first used in agriculture; the sacrifices were white; the emperors were all white.

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